Thank you very much for inviting me to speak about cyberspace, this area of conflict, and to discuss its issues with you, particularly for the defence of our country. In my opening remarks, I propose three parts, which I will illustrate with a number of examples. The first part will lead me to talk about this conflictuality associated with cyberspace and what characterizes it. I will then explain how this conflictuality affects security and defence issues. Finally, I will deal more specifically with the command of cyber defence: its dynamics, its action, its responsibilities.

"In 1914, artillery accompanied the infantry,

From 1915, artillery prepares and infantry conquers,

Around 1917, the artillery conquers and the infantry occupies,

In 1918, the artillery decides the fate of the battle; it prepares the assault and accompanies it with the rolling barrage and the tank".

Gilles Aubagnac "At the sound of the cannon»

In this study, General de Percin retraces the evolution of French artillery capabilities during the Great War. He underlines the initial differences between the French and German doctrines of employment, and shows us how military thought, industrial tool, but also a certain spirit of inventiveness, were able to make our artillery a significant actor of the victory.

Our Army has a habit of repeating that it is a reflection of society. If it is for the best, is it prepared to take on what, for its current command model, could mean the worst as well, namely the importance of the individual at the expense of the group? For the author, it is up to us as military personnel to maintain the right level of social relations and to identify the appropriate command model.

In less than a generation we have experienced a revolution in our human condition. Globalization is not the least aspect of this revolution. It is economic, it is commercial, it is nomadic. Uprooting has become a value, a model, an ideal. The European Union wants to abolish borders, first within the Union and then throughout the world, and the deconstruction of nations has made great strides in this direction. We have nothing but the same' ahead of us. The contract puts an end to politics, the right to history. We are anaesthetized by the ideology of globalization, by the myth of the standardization of the world.

The urgency is simple, and it is strategic, to the highest degree; we must set out to rediscover the world.

The end of the war in Afghanistan, which was particularly favourable to the employment of mountain troops, did not mark the end of the specific employment of French mountain troops. Indeed, border surveillance, particularly in the Alps, has once again become a concern and already calls on the specific skills and capabilities of the 27th Mountain Infantry Brigade (27th BIM). Above all, the mountains remain a formidable training and training ground forging valuable combat tools.

The end of the war in Afghanistan, which was particularly favourable to the employment of mountain troops, did not mark the end of the specific employment of French mountain troops.

Napoleon praised generals who were lucky. As such, he would no doubt have held Guderian in high esteem, who testified in 1940 that fortune does indeed smile on the bold.

This new CDEC journal devoted to doctrine is an opportunity to present in a series of articles1 not the doctrine itself but what it represents for the Army "In Touch" and by whom, how and in what spirit it is conceived.

The non-linearity of combat is a concept that is still relevant today for two major reasons: the decrease in the volume of armies and the (provisional?) of a model of war that saw generally symmetrical opponents facing each other who shared the same conception of the decisive battle. Western armies are today engaged in theatres of operations that are either desert and therefore immense where the notion of front no longer makes sense, or facing an asymmetrical enemy that by nature refuses frontal opposition.

As the author of this retrospective himself points out, 1915 was the most terrible year of the Great War. Paradoxically, however, it is evoked much less than the other years of the conflict, with their procession of the battles of the Marne, the Somme, Verdun or the Chemin des Dames... General de Percin reminds us what 1915 was like, markedThe General de Percin reminds us what 1915 was like, marked on a tactical level by the burial of the belligerents in trenches despite occasional acts of brilliance, and on a strategic level by the globalisation of military commitments.